In Vivo
	2-Needle Array		Tweezertrodes
	Genetrodes		Genepaddles
	Caliper Electrode

Product Information Technical Specifications (PDF, 109KB) Instructions for Use (PDF, 125KB)

The BTX Genepaddles are paddle-style reusable electrodes suitable for a variety of applications. Genepaddles come in two models, each model consisting of a pair of electrodes. The Model 542 Genepaddles feature rectangular 3 x 5mm paddles, while the Model 543 Genepaddles feature rectangular 5 x 7mm paddles. The models vary to suit the size of the target electroporation area. These electrodes are connected to a Model 465 Square-Post Connection Cable and interfaced with a pulse generator via a Model 5343 Coaxial-banana Connection cable. The Genepaddles are positioned in parallel at a predetermined gap within a tissue using the Model 515 Genetrode Holder. Genepaddles may be cleaned with a mild detergent and sterilized with ethanol or ethylene oxide. Properly maintained Genepaddles have a life span of approximately 1500+ pulses, and are compatible with most BTX Electroporation Systems.

Applications

In Vitro Embryo Gene Delivery
Genepaddles were designed for In Vitro Embryo Gene Delivery (IVEGD) in mouse embryo. The electrodes are placed anterior and posterior to the embryo following injection of the molecule of interest, and an electroporation pulse is delivered using a BTX Electroporation System, such as the ECM® 830, 2001, 630, 600, and T820. The electric field introduced by the Genepaddles causes transient pores to form in the cells of the tissue, allowing uptake of the molecules into the cells. Itasaki¹ used a 3 x 5mm Genepaddle-style electrode with a BTX T820 to deliver DNA to mouse embryos in vitro. His success demonstrates the potential of electroporation to transfect different types of tissues or embryos besides the classical avian embryo.

In Vivo Gene Delivery
Paddle-style electrodes have also been used for in vivo applications. Miyasaka² used an electrode of this style with a BTX T820 to deliver DNA in vivo into the cerebral cortical anlage of E15 rat embryos. He demonstrated high-efficiency gene transfer into intact neural tissue using electroporation. Electroporation has the benefits of being less labor-intensive and more economical than competitive methods for in vivo gene transfer, such as viral methods and biolistics. Electroporation also produces greater viability and efficiency than competitive methods for in vivo gene transfer.

Ordering Information

References

1. Itasaki et al., 'Shocking' developments in chick embryology: electroporation and in ovo gene expression, Nature Cell Biology, 1: E203-E207 (1999) BTX Reference ID#4699
2. Miyasaka et al., Foreign gene expression in an organotypic culture of cortical anlage after in vivo electroporation, NeuroReport 10: 2319-2323 (1999) BTX Reference ID#4641